All authors must have made significant contributions in the following areas:

1. The conception and design of the study, the acquisition of data, or the analysis and interpretation of data.
2. Drafting the article or critically revising it to ensure substantial intellectual quality.
3. Providing final approval of the version to be submitted for publication.

Additionally, all authors should accept responsibility for every aspect of the work, ensuring that any concerns regarding the accuracy or integrity of the research are thoroughly investigated and resolved.

Changes to Authorship

The editors of this journal generally do not consider changes to authorship after a manuscript has been submitted. Authors are therefore advised to carefully consider the list and order of authors prior to submission and provide a final author list at the time of initial submission.

The journal’s policy on changes to authorship is as follows:

• All authors must be listed in the manuscript and their information entered into the submission system.
• Any changes to the author list, including additions, deletions, or rearrangements, must be made before the manuscript is accepted, and only with the approval of the journal editor.
• Requests for changes in authorship must be initiated by the corresponding author, who should provide a reason for the change, along with written confirmation from all authors—including those being added or removed—indicating their agreement.
• Only in exceptional cases will the journal editor consider changes to authorship after the manuscript has been accepted.
• The publication process may be delayed while a request for authorship changes is under consideration.
• If the journal editor approves an authorship change after the manuscript has been published, a corrigendum will be issued.

Unauthorized changes to authorship may lead to the rejection of the manuscript, or, if already published, to the article's retraction.